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How to create contours from a DEM in Birdi

Learn how to generate contour lines from any DSM or DTM at the interval you choose, so you can visualise terrain exactly the way your project needs.

Written by Kayley Greenland

Contours are now generated directly from your elevation layers instead of being locked in at processing time. Open any DSM or DTM in your map, choose an interval, and Birdi builds a contour layer for you — as many times as you like.

This means you can:

  • Generate contours at whatever interval suits the job, not a fixed interval chosen weeks ago

  • Create multiple contour sets from the same DEM and compare them side by side

  • Style and label your contours the same way you would any other vector layer

  • Regenerate at a tighter or coarser interval whenever your needs change

Contour generation is available on all plans.

Note: Contours are no longer an option on the processing request form. If you've processed a map recently and can't find the contour tick-box, that's why — you now create them from the DEM itself, at any time, at no extra cost.


When to use contours

  • You need to understand the shape of the terrain before designing or excavating

  • You're preparing a site plan, drainage assessment, or civil design and need linework at a specific interval

  • You want to communicate slope and elevation change to people who don't read a colour ramp easily

  • You need to spot ridges, batters, benches, or low points across a site

  • You're exporting terrain data into CAD or GIS and need contour line strings rather than a raster surface


Step-by-step: creating contours

1. Check you have a DSM or DTM

Contours are generated from an elevation layer, so you'll need one on your map first.

  • Open your map and look in the Layers panel

  • Confirm you have a DSM (surface, including vegetation and structures) or a DTM (bare earth) available

  • If you don't have one, request processing for your map and include a DSM or DTM in your outputs

Tip: Use a DTM for design and drainage work where you want bare ground. Use a DSM when you need the surface as-flown, including stockpiles, vegetation, and built structures.


2. Open the layer menu

  • In the Layers panel, find your DSM or DTM

  • Right-click the layer, or select the menu next to the layer name


3. Select Create contours

  • Choose Create contours from the menu

  • The contour settings panel opens


4. Choose your contour interval

Select an interval from the dropdown. The interval is the vertical distance between each contour line — a smaller interval gives you more lines and more detail.

Available intervals:

  • 0.25 m (≈ 0.8 ft)

  • 0.5 m (≈ 1.6 ft)

  • 0.75 m (≈ 2.5 ft)

  • 1 m (≈ 3.3 ft)

  • 1.5 m (≈ 4.9 ft)

  • 2 m (≈ 6.6 ft)

  • 3 m (≈ 9.8 ft)

  • 4 m (≈ 13.1 ft)

  • 5 m (≈ 16.4 ft)

  • 10 m (≈ 32.8 ft)

Intervals display according to your unit setting. To switch between metric and imperial, go to Settings in the top-right corner and toggle Metric / Imperial.

Tip: Tight intervals over a large or steep site produce a lot of linework, which takes longer to generate and can make the map hard to read. Start at 1 m for a general site overview, then go finer over the specific area you care about.


5. Wait for your contours to generate

  • Birdi processes the DEM and builds the contour layer

  • Larger areas and smaller intervals take longer

  • When it's finished, the new contour layer appears in your Layers panel

You can keep working on your map while contours generate.


6. Review your contours in Table view

Each contour is a line string with its elevation stored as an attribute, so you can check the values before you style anything.

  • Select your contour layer in the Layers panel to open the Layer toolbox

  • Click the Table icon to open Table view

  • Confirm the elevation field is present and the values look right for your site


7. Style your contours

Contours behave like any other vector layer, so all the usual styling options apply.

Style by type — one style for every contour in the layer:

  • Open the Style tab in the Layer toolbox

  • Adjust line colour, line weight, opacity, and line style (solid, dashed, or dotted)

  • Click Apply

Style by field — colour your contours by their elevation:

  • In Style > Style by field, choose the elevation field

  • Pick a colour preset (continuous or stepped), or customise your own

  • Add, remove, or edit bands/classes to set your breakpoints

  • Click Apply to update the layer and the legend

Tip: 5–7 classes usually balance detail and readability. Keep contour lines a little darker than your orthomosaic so they stay legible over imagery.


8. Add labels to your contours

Labels put the elevation value directly on the line, so anyone reading the map can pick out heights without hovering.

  • In the Layer toolbox, open the Labels option

  • Select the elevation field as your label

  • Adjust the label appearance to suit your map

  • Click Apply

Tip: On a dense contour set. Generate contours at 5 m with labels turned on, and a second set at 0.5 m without labels, then display both together — you get fine detail and readable heights.


9. Export your contours

Contours download as a zipped Shapefile, ready to drop into your CAD or GIS package.

  • In the Layers panel, right-click your contour layer

  • Select Download

  • The layer downloads as a ZIP file

What's in the ZIP:

File

What it holds

.shp

The contour line strings themselves

.shx

The index that lets software find each line quickly

.dbf

The attribute table, including your elevation values

.prj

The coordinate system, so your contours land in the right place

Keep all four files together. They only work as a set — if you unzip and move the .shp on its own, most software won't open it, or will open it with no elevation values and no positioning.

Compatible with: any software that reads Esri Shapefiles, including QGIS, ArcGIS Pro, AutoCAD Civil 3D and Map 3D, Global Mapper, Trimble Business Center, 12d Model, and Carlson. Most machine-control and survey packages will also import Shapefiles directly.

Tip: If your CAD package needs DXF or DWG instead, import the Shapefile into QGIS or Civil 3D first and export from there — that way the elevation attributes carry across.


Best practice tips

  • Match the interval to the decision you're making. Drainage and earthworks usually need 0.25–0.5 m; a general site overview reads better at 1–5 m.

  • Use a DTM for design work. A DSM will drape contours over vegetation and buildings, which isn't what you want for ground modelling.

  • Generate more than one set. Contours are free to create and quick to delete, so try two or three intervals and keep the one that reads best.

  • Rename each layer clearly — for example Contours – DTM – 0.5 m. It saves confusion when you have several sets on the same map.

  • Check accuracy expectations first. Contour accuracy depends on the accuracy of the underlying DEM, including your ground control setup.

  • Hide the contour layer before exporting imagery if you want a clean orthophoto without linework.


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